1925
Pinotage is created in Stellenbosch.
Professor Abraham Izak Perold crossed Pinot Noir with Cinsaut, then commonly called Hermitage in South Africa. The name Pinotage combines Pinot with the ending of Hermitage.
Pinotage Wine Guide
What is Pinotage?
Pinotage is South Africa’s signature red wine grape, created by crossing Pinot Noir with Cinsaut. It can make dry red wines with plum, blackberry, smoke, coffee, cocoa, spice, and firm tannin, depending on vineyard and cellar choices.
Updated Jun 19, 2026 · Independent source-linked guide
Quick Definition
Pinotage is a South African red wine grape.
The short answer: Pinotage is a dry red wine grape variety bred in South Africa from Pinot Noir and Cinsaut. It is best known for South African red wine, but it can range from fresh and red-fruited to dark, smoky, coffee-toned, oak-aged, and cellar-worthy.
Use this page as the central Pinotage guide, then follow the linked guides for pronunciation, taste, sweetness, food pairing, wineries, bottles, and buying options. It is also the best starting point for readers comparing Pinotage with other South African wines, red wine grapes, and US buying options.
Grape
A red wine grape variety, not a blend or a brand.
Parent Grapes
Pinot Noir crossed with Cinsaut, historically called Hermitage in South Africa.
Origin
Created in Stellenbosch in 1925 and now strongly tied to South African wine identity.
Taste Range
Plum, blackberry, cherry, smoke, earth, coffee, cocoa, spice, oak, and structured tannin.
Wine Type
What kind of wine is Pinotage?
Pinotage is usually a dry red wine made from South Africa's signature red grape. It can be medium-bodied or full-bodied, with styles ranging from bright and fruit-led to smoky, structured, oak-aged, coffee-chocolate, or premium cellar-worthy bottles.
The controversy around Pinotage comes from how strongly style and winemaking choices shape the final bottle. Read why Pinotage is controversial before choosing a bottle.
History
The story of South Africa's signature red grape.
Pinotage is a modern South African crossing, not an ancient European variety. Its reputation has moved through experimentation, commercial success, uneven quality periods, renewed producer focus, and a centenary revival.
Late 1920s
The young vines survive and move forward.
After Perold left Stellenbosch University, the experimental material was preserved and later propagated, allowing the new variety to move from a small crossing into vineyard trials.
1940s-1950s
Experimental plantings become commercial potential.
Pinotage moved from experimental material into South African vineyards. Producers including Bellevue and Kanonkop became part of the grape's early commercial story.
1959-1961
Bottled Pinotage reaches consumers.
Lanzerac is widely associated with the first bottled Pinotage, with the 1959 vintage later released under the Lanzerac name in the early 1960s.
1995-1997
Pinotage gains formal advocacy.
The Pinotage Association was formed in 1995, followed by the inaugural Pinotage Top 10 Competition in 1997, giving the variety a dedicated platform for quality recognition.
2025
Pinotage marks its centenary.
The grape's 100-year milestone prompted renewed attention, producer stories, awards coverage, and events focused on South Africa's signature red variety.
How to Taste
Taste in layers, not in guesses.
Pinotage can show fruit, smoke, oak, coffee, spice, earth, and texture at the same time. The trick is to slow the glass down and separate what you smell from what you feel.
Look
Tilt the glass over a white surface. Purple edges suggest youth; garnet or brick tones can suggest age or oxidation.
Smell before swirling
The first quiet sniff captures delicate fruit and any obvious smoke, earth, or volatile notes before oxygen changes the wine.
Swirl and sort aromas
Group what you smell into fruit, oak, spice, earth, and fermentation notes instead of hunting for one perfect word.
Taste for structure
Take a small sip and let it spread across your tongue instead of swallowing immediately. Notice acidity, tannin, alcohol warmth, body, and finish.
Breathe over the wine
With the wine still in your mouth, draw in a small, gentle breath over it. This aerates the wine and carries aromas toward the back of the nose, helping smoke, spice, coffee, fruit, oak, and creamy notes separate more clearly.
Spit when tasting analytically
Many wine professionals spit during tastings so they can stay clear-headed while evaluating multiple wines. After spitting, notice what remains: fruit, tannin grip, warmth, bitterness, smoke, or a long savory finish.
Revisit after air
Smoke, reduction, oak sweetness, and fruit can shift after five to fifteen minutes. Good complexity becomes clearer, not muddier.
Pair and compare
Taste beside grilled meat, mushrooms, aged cheese, or spiced vegetables. Food can reveal fruit, tannin, smoke, and savory depth.
Flavor Map
How to distinguish Pinotage complexity.
Tasting notes are comparisons, not ingredients. A wine that smells like smoke, butter, coffee, or plum does not necessarily contain those things; the words help describe aromas, texture, and winemaking influences.
Dark fruit
- What it can mean
- Black cherry, plum, blackberry, mulberry, or bramble are primary fruit notes from the grape and ripeness level.
- How to find it
- Smell first without swirling, then swirl gently. Fresh fruit smells brighter and juicier; riper fruit can feel darker, jammy, or baked.
Smoke
- What it can mean
- Smoke can come from toasted oak, char, savory reduction, earthy grape character, or, rarely, unwanted smoke taint. Pleasant smoke feels integrated; harsh smoke can taste ashy or bitter.
- How to find it
- Compare the first sniff with the smell after five minutes in the glass. Oak smoke often stays rounded with vanilla or spice; reductive smoke may soften with air.
Coffee and chocolate
- What it can mean
- Mocha, cocoa, espresso, and roasted notes are often linked to oak treatment, toast level, and specific winemaking choices. Some Pinotage producers intentionally emphasize this style.
- How to find it
- Look for aromas that remind you of cocoa powder, roasted beans, or dark chocolate after the fruit note. On the palate, these usually sit toward the finish.
Butter, cream, and vanilla
- What it can mean
- Pinotage is not usually defined by butter in the way some Chardonnay can be, but creamy, buttery, vanilla, or coconut impressions can come from malolactic fermentation, oak lactones, and texture.
- How to find it
- Hold the wine briefly on the mid-palate. Creaminess is felt as texture as much as flavor; vanilla and coconut usually show as sweet-smelling oak notes.
Earth and savory spice
- What it can mean
- Earth, tobacco leaf, leather, dried herbs, pepper, clove, and cedar can come from grape character, oak, bottle age, or site expression.
- How to find it
- After identifying fruit, ask what remains: dried leaves, spice cabinet, cedar box, or soil after rain. These notes often become clearer as the wine warms slightly.
Tannin and structure
- What it can mean
- Tannin is the drying grip from grape skins, seeds, and oak. Pinotage can range from soft and juicy to firm and cellar-worthy.
- How to find it
- Notice where your mouth dries: gums, cheeks, or tongue. Fine tannins feel powdery; coarse tannins feel scratchy or abrupt.
At the Table
Serve with warmth, not heat.
A lightly cool serving temperature, roughly 60-65 degrees F, helps Pinotage show fruit and structure without feeling heavy. Pair fruit-driven styles with grilled vegetables or mushroom dishes, and reserve richer bottles for steak, duck, braised meats, aged cheeses, and savory stews.
FAQ
Frequently asked questions about Pinotage.
Short answers for the most common Pinotage searches.
What is Pinotage wine?
Pinotage is a red wine grape created in South Africa in 1925 by crossing Pinot Noir with Cinsaut, then commonly called Hermitage locally.
What does Pinotage taste like?
Pinotage often shows plum, black cherry, blackberry, smoke, earth, spice, coffee, cocoa, oak, and medium to firm tannin. Fresher examples can taste brighter and less smoky.
Is Pinotage dry or sweet?
Most Pinotage is dry red wine. Ripe fruit, vanilla, coffee, chocolate, and oak can make it feel plush even when it is not sweet.
Is Pinotage only from South Africa?
Pinotage is most closely associated with South Africa, but wineries in the United States and other regions also produce Pinotage in smaller quantities.
Further Reading
Sources for deeper Pinotage learning.
These references informed the history and tasting education on this page.
Comparison Guides